Unit 1: The Enlightenment
Enlightenment philosophy: Locke, Voltaire, RousseauSocial contract theory and natural rightsEnlightened absolutism and reformSalon culture and public sphere
Unit 2: Revolution & Napoleon
Causes and phases of the French RevolutionNapoleonic Wars and the Congress of ViennaLatin American independence movementsNationalism and the 1848 revolutions
Unit 3: Industrialization & Society
Industrial Revolution: technology and factory systemUrbanization, labor movements, and socialismImperialism and the scramble for AfricaSocial Darwinism and new ideologies
Unit 4: World Wars
Causes and conduct of World War IInterwar period: fascism, communism, depressionWorld War II: causes, Holocaust, and total warDecolonization and the postwar order
Unit 5: Cold War to Present
Cold War: containment, NATO, and détenteFall of communism and German reunificationEuropean integration and the EUGlobalization, terrorism, and contemporary challenges