CLEP CLEP History of the United States I Flashcards

The North had a diversified industrial economy with wage labor, railroads, and manufacturing; the South depended on a plantation-based economy reliant on enslaved labor and cash crops like cotton.

Knowing these economic bases helps explain why each side had different priorities and how the war disrupted their respective economies.

It declared all slaves in rebellious states free, re‑framing the war as a fight for human liberty, deterring European recognition of the Confederacy, and allowing African Americans to join the Union army.

This policy change is central to exam discussions of war motivations and foreign policy implications.

They argued that the Constitution granted states sovereign powers, was a compact allowing withdrawal, and that the federal government had no authority to enforce loyalty, citing the limited scope of national power.

Recognizing this argument clarifies the legal and ideological split that provoked secession.

Lee pursued a defense, concentrating forces to protect southern resources; Grant launched an offensive that targeted infrastructure, supply lines, and civilian resources to cripple the North’s war potential.

Comparing tactics shows why total war became decisive in concluding the conflict.

While the 13th abolished slavery, the 14th granted citizenship to all born in the U.S., established equal protection under the law, and prohibited states from denying due process.

Understanding these legal milestones helps assess Reconstruction’s impact on federal authority and individual rights.

Transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.

This concept is crucial for understanding the impact of European exploration on the Americas and the world, a key theme in the CLEP USH1 1 COLONIAL unit.

Economic policy where a nation's wealth is measured by its gold and silver reserves.

Mercantilism is a key concept in understanding colonial economic systems and policies, which is a significant aspect of the CLEP USH1 1 COLONIAL unit.

13 Colonies: diverse economies, Spanish Colonies: centralized, extractive economies.

This comparison highlights the distinct approaches to colonization taken by different European powers, a concept that is relevant to understanding the colonial era in the CLEP USH1 1 COLONIAL unit.

Network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, facilitating the exchange of goods and slaves.

The Triangle Trade is essential to understanding the colonial economy, the transatlantic slave trade, and the interconnectedness of the Old and New Worlds, all of which are critical themes in the CLEP USH1 1 COLONIAL unit.

British policy of non-interference in colonial affairs, allowing the colonies to self-govern.

Salutary Neglect is vital to understanding the relationship between the British government and the colonies, as well as the colonies' development of self-governance, a key concept in the CLEP USH1 1 COLONIAL unit.

Servants had fixed contracts, slaves had lifetime bondage

Distinguishing between indentured servants and slaves is essential for the CLEP USH1 exam, as it reveals the complexities of colonial labor systems

Network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and Americas

The Triangle Trade is a critical concept for the CLEP USH1 exam, as it illustrates the complex web of economic relationships between colonial powers and regions