Unit 4 of 5
Study guide for CLEP CLEP Principles of Management — Unit 4: Human Resources and Organizational Behavior. Practice questions, key concepts, and exam tips.
105
Practice Questions
6
Flashcards
7
Key Topics
Try these 5 questions from this unit. Sign up for full access to all 105.
What does the BFOQ exception allow employers to do?
Hire based on race or color if it's a business necessity
Discriminate based on sex, national origin, or religion for genuine occupational qualifications
Require employees to speak a specific language as a condition of employment
Implement policies that have a disparate impact on protected groups
Exclude applicants with disabilities from certain positions
Answer: B — "Discriminate based on sex, national origin, or religion for genuine occupational qualifications" is correct as BFOQ allows for discrimination based on sex, national origin, or religion if it's a genuine occupational qualification, while A is incorrect as it misrepresents the exception's application.
In Kotter's 8-step change model, what is the purpose of the 'anchor' step?
To establish a sense of urgency
To create a vision
To communicate the vision
To empower employees
To solidify the new change in the organization's culture
Answer: E — To solidify the new change in the organization's culture is correct because anchor solidifies the change. A is the first step, not the last.
A technology firm notices that despite offering competitive salaries, experienced software engineers continue to leave for competitors. According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which combination of factors should the firm prioritize to address this retention problem?
Increase base pay and add more vacation days to satisfy hygiene factors
Redesign jobs to include greater autonomy, skill variety, and opportunities for advancement to address motivators
Reduce workload and eliminate challenging projects to decrease employee stress
Provide more frequent salary reviews and comprehensive benefits packages exclusively
Implement stricter performance metrics and increase supervision to ensure accountability
Answer: B — Herzberg's theory distinguishes between hygiene factors (salary, benefits, working conditions) and motivators (recognition, advancement, meaningful work). Since the firm already offers competitive salaries, the problem stems from absent motivators. Option "Redesign jobs to include greater autonomy, skill variety, and opportunities for advancement to address motivators" correctly identifies that job redesign addressing autonomy, skill variety, and advancement opportunities targets true motivators that drive retention. Option "Increase base pay and add more vacation days to satisfy hygiene factors" addresses only hygiene factors, which Herzberg showed prevent dissatisfaction but don't create satisfaction. Option "Reduce workload and eliminate challenging projects to decrease employee stress" increases control rather than motivation. Option "Provide more frequent salary reviews and comprehensive benefits packages exclusively" reduces engagement. Option "Implement stricter performance metrics and increase supervision to ensure accountability" focuses solely on compensation, repeating the unsuccessful strategy.
What is the main purpose of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
To protect employees 40 and older from age discrimination
To provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities
To require affirmative action plans for all employers
To prohibit employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
To regulate employee compensation and benefits
Answer: D — To prohibit employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin is correct because Title VII prohibits employment discrimination based on protected characteristics..
What type of training focuses on developing skills for a specific job or task?
Soft skills training
Leadership development
Vocational training
Team-building exercises
Time management workshops
Answer: C — Vocational training is correct because vocational training targets job-specific skills..
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