Unit 5: Social Change and Deviance

Answer: E — Differential association theory is correct because differential association theory, proposed by Edwin Sutherland, emphasizes learning deviant behaviors, unlike option "Structural functionalism" which focuses on social structures.

Answer: D — To maintain social cohesion and solidarity is correct because Durkheim argued that deviance clarifies social norms and promotes social unity, unlike option "To challenge and change social norms" which suggests deviance as a means to change norms.

Answer: A — Cultural diffusion refers to the process by which ideas, values, and practices are transmitted from one culture to another, often driving social change. This exchange of cultural elements can lead to the adoption of new technologies, social norms, and values, ultimately transforming a society. In contrast to economic stability, which can maintain the status quo, cultural diffusion introduces new ideas that can challenge existing social structures.

Answer: C — Globalization can lead to increased economic inequality within cities, as multinational corporations may exploit local labor and resources, widening the wealth gap between social classes.

Answer: C — A Reform movement seeks limited change by working within existing social and political systems to address specific issues, aiming to improve or reform current conditions. This type of movement focuses on incremental, targeted changes, rather than overthrowing the entire system. In contrast, a Radical movement seeks more fundamental change, making it an incorrect option. The Reform movement's focus on limited, targeted change aligns with its definition, making it the correct answer.